Alterations in Grapevine Leaf Metabolism Occur Prior to Esca Apoplexy Appearance

Esca (black measles) of grapevine. An overview

More than 100 years ago a grapevine disease of unknown etiology was recognized in France and California, where it was called “folletage” (Ravaz, 1898) and “sunstroke” respectively (Anonymous, 1895). In both cases the disorder was considered to be due to a physiological condition resulting from what was called “abrupt changes in the bottom water level.” Research on the pathological nature of the...

NMR-based study of alterations in grapevine leaf metabolism upoin inoculation with Plasmapora viticola

Fungi associated with Esca disease of grapevine in Germany

Esca disease of grapevine is gaining increasing importance in Central European wine-growing countries. Several fungi, all of which are wood-inhabiting, were found to be associated with the disease. The taxa thought to act as main causal agents are the basidiomycete, Fomitiporia mediterranea, and, less frequently, the deuteromycetes, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and Phaeoacremonium aleophilum. In...

Does anticipatory sweating occur prior to fluid consumption?

The purpose of this study was to examine if anticipatory sweating occurs prior to fluid consumption in dehydrated subjects. It was hypothesized that there would first be an anticipatory response to the sight of water, and then with drinking, a second response caused by mechanical stimulation of oropharyngeal nerves. Dehydrated subjects (n=19) sat in a heat chamber for 30 minutes. At minute 15, ...

Vascular Architecture Alterations in Expanding Durum Wheat Leaf Under Salinity

The leaf growth and cross-sectional area of durum wheat during its development may be reduced under salt stress due to vascular architecture alterations of leaves. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to compare growth rate and vascular architecture changes of two durum wheat cultivars including Shabrang and Yavaroos under 0 and 100 mM NaCl. Plants were sampled at the three-leaf stage growth. ...